An ultrasound examination in horses is a non-invasive diagnostic procedure that is often used to assess soft tissue structures such as tendons, ligaments, muscles and internal organs. The typical procedure for an ultrasound examination in horses can be summarised as follows:
Preparation of the horse
The horse is placed in a safe and quiet area to minimise stress for the animal.
The area to be examined is thoroughly cleaned, as soiling can impair the quality of the ultrasound images. If necessary, the coat in this area is clipped or shaved to allow direct contact between the ultrasound probe and the skin.
Preparation of the equipment
The ultrasound machine is prepared. The appropriate probe is selected depending on which structures are to be examined (e.g. a linear probe for tendons or a convex probe for deeper structures).
A contact gel is applied to the area to be examined to displace the air between the probe and the skin, as air interferes with the transmission of ultrasound waves.
Carrying out the investigation
The vet guides the probe over the area while simultaneously assessing the images on the ultrasound screen.
During the examination, the probe is held at different angles and positions in order to fully capture the structures and gain different perspectives.
The vet looks for abnormalities in the structure and texture of the tissues, such as changes in echogenicity (brightness on the ultrasound image), irregularities or fluid accumulation.
Assessment and documentation
Images are assessed in real time and key findings are stored for detailed re-analysis and recording purposes.
In some cases, special techniques can be used, such as Doppler ultrasound, to assess blood flow and vascular structure.
Debriefing and further steps
After the examination, the vet discusses the results with the horse owner or carer.
Depending on the findings, further diagnostic tests are recommended, or specific treatment is initiated.
It is important to emphasise that the ultrasound examination is painless and usually performed without sedation, unless the horse is particularly restless or the examination takes place in an area that is uncomfortable for the horse. The horse's co-operation and a calm environment contribute significantly to the success of the examination.